Outcome of Early Identification and Intervention on Infants with Hearing Loss Under Universal Hearing Screening Program
Poonual, W.; Navacharoen, N.; Kangsanarak, J.; Namwongprom, S.
Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand 100(2): 197-206
2017
ISSN/ISBN: 0125-2208 PMID: 29916635 Document Number: 17442
To determine the outcome of early identification and intervention of hearing loss children. An analytic prospective study. All neonates were screened with TEOAE/ABR. All infants were diagnosed and started early intervention at sixth month and followed for hearing and developmental evaluation until eighteen months of age. Three thousand one hundred twenty neonates underwent hearing screening tests. One hundred and three infants had abnormal of 6 months of age and were diagnosed with congenital hearing loss (89 mild hearing loss, 12 moderate hearing loss, 1 moderate-severe hearing loss and 1 profound hearing loss). They received early intervention (8 hearing aid fitting (0.3%), 103 auditory training (3.3%), 103 counseling (3.3%) and 103 combine (3.3%) at 6 months of age). During follow up, eighty nine infants who had abnormal initial hearing tests were found to have normal hearing at eighteen months of age, Only Fourteen infants (0.4%) had permanent hearing loss. There were 7, 5, 1 and 1 infants in the mild, moderate, moderate-severe and profound hearing loss groups. The interventions offered to infants with different levels of hearing impairment were 5 hearing aid fittings (35.7%), 14 auditory training (100%), 14 counseling (100%) and 14 combination of three methods (100%). The development after 12 months follow up in infants with different levels of hearing impairment were 14 auditory improvement (100%), 14 speech improvement (100%) and 5 language improvement (35.7%). The common risk factors ranked in order of frequency are craniofacial anomalies( RR 2.57, 95%CI 1.49-4.43), ototoxic exposure(RR 4.71, 95%CI 1.94-11.46), severe hyperbilirubinemia (RR 2.10, 95%CI 1.08-4.06 ), low APGAR score at 5 minutes (RR 2.42, 95%CI 1.03-5.68) and sepsis (RR 2.02, 95%CI 1.01-4.03). Continuing evaluation of hearing and development during follow-up is important in children with abnormal hearing tests. Early intervention can prevent acoustic deprivation and improve language development.
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