A wider view of neonatal diarrhoea in the pig
Goodwin, R.F.
Veterinary Record 100(2): 26-28
1977
ISSN/ISBN: 0042-4900 PMID: 836601 Document Number: 115164
Field observations over several years indicate that the syndrome (recurrent yellow diarrhoea in neonates) tends to affect litters of gilts more than those of older sows. The problem can be very serious where there is a rapid turnover of breeding stock, even in the first farrowing of newly established pig units. The high incidence in large herds may be partly due to high generation turnover or intensive use of farrowing accommodation, but serious outbreaks also occur in small herds. The syndrome spreads locally within a section of units, and is exacerbated by draughts and sudden seasonal changes in temperature, as well as by mastitis in sows. The author suggests various counter-measures aimed at reducing stress in neonates, maintaining hygiene and applying prophylaxis. These include prevention of overcrowding; delayed handling of neonates; regular depopulation and disinfection (which is difficult in partially slatted housing); antibiotic treatment, vaccination or exposure of dams in late pregnancy to infective material to boost natural immunity; and antibiotic treatment of neonates. However, preliminary trials on vaccination and exposure to natural infection in sows have not proved conclusive. In a study of three herds in which these suggestions had been applied, certain data emerged. There was a "gilt effect" and a breed effect, with Landrace being less susceptible than Large White, but all purebreds were more susceptible than crossbreds. Comfortable surroundings (clean dry floors with ample bedding) were helpful, and this should be considered when pig units are designed. Although the syndrome is not consistent with some of the common organisms causing diarrhoea, it may be too simplistic to attribute it to E. coli in view of such evidence as the fact that TGE immunity gives partial protection.